Integrated watershed management (IWM) is a holistic approach to addressing water resource challenges in agricultural landscapes. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative analysis of hydrological data and qualitative interviews with stakeholders was employed to assess system performance over two years. The watershed management project led to a 15% increase in crop yields compared to the control area, while reducing water usage by 20%. Stakeholders reported increased satisfaction with irrigation systems and financial benefits. IWM has successfully enhanced agricultural productivity and water efficiency in Tunisia's agricultural landscapes, providing tangible economic and environmental benefits. Further IWM implementation should prioritise community engagement and integrated planning to ensure sustainability and maximise benefits across the region. The empirical specification follows Y=₀+^ X+, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Zoughbi et al. (Fri,) studied this question.