Dynamic Induction of Valleys in the Band Structure of a Dirac Crystal by the Field a Cnoidal Wave

Key Points

• The study aims to explore how a cnoidal electromagnetic wave influences the electronic properties of a Dirac crystal.
• Constructs a theoretical framework based on Floquet formalism.
• Calculates the Floquet spectrum of electrons under a high-frequency cnoidal electric field.
• Analyzes the effect of the field on the energy bands of the Dirac crystal.
• Dynamically induced band valleys are identified within the crystal's band structure.
• An energy gap is observed at the Dirac point as a function of the cnoidal wave's parameters.