On the Coupling of Horizontal and Vertical Motions Observed in the Strong Earthquake Records during the Noto Peninsula Earthquake

Key Points

• This research examines the relationship between horizontal and vertical ground motions during the Noto Peninsula Earthquake.
• Analyzed strong ground motion records from K-NET Tomari and K-NET Anamizu.
• Focused on acceleration waveforms exhibiting spike patterns.
• Investigated geotechnical factors influencing ground behavior, including shear strength and cyclic mobility.
• K-NET Tomari displayed significant coupling between downwards vertical movement and horizontal motion due to surface layer characteristics.
• At K-NET Anamizu, the combination of drainage and non-drainage shear behavior in organic-rich soils led to complex motion coupling.