Abstract Background: The diamide insecticide chlorantraniliprole is widely used in rice fields to control lepidopteran pests and is less toxic to non-target natural enemies. The egg parasitoid Trichogramma japonicum (Ashmead) is a key natural enemy deployed against these pests. However, sole reliance on T. japonicum is often insufficient for effective control and necessitates Integrated Pest Management tactics. Methods: Our study focused on the lethal and sublethal effects of chlorantraniliprole on T. japonicum , assessing its impact on growth, reproduction, oxidative stress, and physiological responses across two consecutive generations (G 1 and G 5 ). The T. japonicum adults were exposed to sublethal (LC 5 = 0.00001 mg a.i. L −1 , LC 30 = 0.023 mg a.i. L −1 ) and lethal (LC 50 = 0.972 mg a.i. L −1 ) concentrations of chlorantraniliprole over five generations (G 1 to G 5 ). Results: Exposure of T. japonicum adults to sublethal concentrations of chlorantraniliprole resulted in a marked enhancement in oviposition duration, longevity, and fecundity in the G 5 generation relative to the G 1 generation. The population parameters also exhibited significant enhancement at both concentrations of chlorantraniliprole (LC 5 and LC 30 ) in G 5 compared with the G 1 generation. Antioxidant activity (CAT and GPX enzyme activity) and the nutritional profile in T. japonicum depict a significantly higher response to the LC 30 of chlorantraniliprole in both generations . Sublethal concentrations exhibited less MDA content in T. japonicum adults compared with the median lethal concentration (LC 50 ). Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis of hormesis. Therefore, Chlorantraniliprole-induced hormesis may favor parasitoid fitness in a consecutive generations, thereby potentially improving biological control. Also, sublethal concentrations of chlorantraniliprole could be leveraged to optimize T. japonicum mass rearing and augmentative release within IPM programs.
Mandal et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: