Our simple model incorporating neurovascular retinomics with age and sex demonstrated good predictive performance and effective risk stratification for incident heart disease. Notably, the age at which heart disease risk increases coincides with the age that people get eye exams due to age-related ocular conditions, making this simple model a low-cost, timely, non-invasive, and highly feasible screening tool, especially in resource-limited settings.
Yusufu et al. (Thu,) studied this question.