The transition to renewable energy is a critical global priority, necessitating international cooperation and strategic diplomacy to overcome geopolitical, economic, and technological barriers. Energy diplomacy has emerged as a key mechanism for fostering collaboration between nations, facilitating technology transfer, and mobilising financial resources for sustainable energy initiatives. This paper critically examines the role of energy diplomacy in advancing renewable energy adoption and evaluates the mechanisms through which diplomatic cooperation contributes to climate change mitigation, energy security, and economic stability. It explores the key drivers of energy diplomacy; including climate agreements, technological innovation, and economic incentives, while also addressing the challenges such as geopolitical tensions, policy misalignment, and financial constraints. By reflecting on successful international partnerships, including the International Solar Alliance, EU-China renewable energy collaborations, and the African Renewable Energy Initiative, this paper provides insights into effective diplomatic strategies. The recommendations propose strengthening global frameworks, fostering technology sharing mechanisms, and enhancing international trust to accelerate the global energy transition. The study underscores the necessity of a unified diplomatic approach to unlock the full potential of renewable energy and achieve long-term sustainability.
Obanor et al. (Sat,) studied this question.