Climate risk assessment of Guangxi mangroves under sea level rise and tropical cyclones

Key Points

• The climate risk increases significantly by 2100, with sea level rise being the dominant factor, particularly in scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5.
• High and very high risk categories will account for up to 93.07% of the total risk by 2100 under RCP8.5, principally driven by rising sea levels.
• Vulnerability and exposure levels vary across protection zones, with the highest risk in Maoweihai, followed by Beilunhekou and Shankou.
• Adaptation strategies include strengthened bioprotective measures and high marsh management for effective climate risk management.