The Hong Kong Observatory (HKO) is the meteorological authority in Hong Kong, responsible for weather monitoring, forecasting, and issuing warnings on weather-related hazards. Over the years, the HKO has been employing cutting-edge technologies to enhance tropical cyclone (TC) prediction accuracy and timeliness, support decision-making and improve local warning services. These efforts align with the United Nations’ “Early Warnings for All” initiative promoted by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). In this paper, five recent developments in the HKO by utilizing ensemble prediction systems (EPS) and artificial intelligence (AI) to support TC monitoring and forecasting are concisely presented. These notable advancements include (i) TC strike probability maps generated from multiple EPS, (ii) probabilistic storm surge forecast products to strengthen coastal flood risk assessment, (iii) an AI-based system for real-time position analysis and intensity estimation based on satellite imagery, (iv) a real-time flood monitoring tool leveraging camera imagery and AI algorithms, as well as (v) the use of AI weather prediction models to support TC forecasting operations. Looking into the future, the HKO will continue to improve forecast accuracy, enhance warning effectiveness, and collaborate with ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee Members to mitigate the TC impacts in Hong Kong and the broader region.
Yip et al. (Thu,) studied this question.