Changes in emotional state and heart rates and differences between self- and other-evaluations within face-to-face and video-mediated speech situations

Key Points

• Emotional state changes are observed during speech, with heart rates highest while speaking, not before or after.
• The study involved 16 students evaluating self- and other-reports before and after delivering a speech.
• Covariate analysis showed that the effects of anxiety and evaluation concerns influence evaluations of speech performance.
• Significance lies in potential applications for improving speech delivery techniques to better manage anxiety.