Intravesical hematoporphyrin photodynamic therapy combined with pirarubicin for intermediate and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A multicenter, prospective single-arm cohort

Key Points

• Recurrence rates were significantly reduced in patients receiving the combined therapy, improving outcomes overall.
• The study found mild and transient complications, indicating a manageable safety profile during treatment.
• Observational analysis across multiple treatment centers explored the effectiveness of combining treatments for NMIBC.
• Further research is crucial to fully establish the role of this combination therapy in standard NMIBC management.