Soil water vapor adsorption and condensation governed by groundwater depth and vadose zone lithology in arid and semi-arid regions

Key Points

• Soil water vapor adsorption and condensation are significantly influenced by groundwater depth and vadose zone lithology.
• In arid regions, variations in groundwater levels impact how effectively moisture is retained in the soil—affecting local ecosystems.
• Analysis of soil samples from various depths and lithologies shows distinct patterns of water vapor dynamics depending on these factors.
• Understanding this relationship may enable better management practices in water-scarce environments, highlighting the need for targeted strategies.