Study on heat transfer of capillary heat exchangers in subway interval tunnels under thermal-seepage coupling effects

Key Points

• Heat transfer efficiency improves with the implementation of capillary heat exchangers in tunnels, enhancing overall energy performance.
• A significant thermal-seepage coupling effect was observed, significantly altering transfer rates in subway intervals.
• Analysis using simulation methods reveals complex interactions between heat transfer and seepage in tunnel environments.
• Improving understanding of energy dynamics can support better subway design, with implications for energy conservation.