Eco-Friendly Dyeing of Wool Fibers Using Daphne gnidium L. Extract: Optimization, Antioxidant Activity, and DFT Modeling of Dye–Fiber Interactions

Key Points

• Antioxidant activity was measured as a significant outcome, showing effective dyeing properties.
• The optimal dyeing process achieved maximum color uptake in wool fibers through specific conditions.
• Assessment using dye-fiber interactions helped to reveal the bonding mechanisms between the dye and the wool material.
• Highlights the potential for eco-friendly dyeing practices, calling for broader applications in textile industries.