Tailoring the optical nonlinearity and photovoltaic response of Bi-doped ZnO thin films

Key Points

• Enhanced optical nonlinearity observed in Bi-doped ZnO, leading to improved performance.
• Photovoltaic response measurements show a significant increase at specific Bi concentrations, suggesting optimal doping levels.
• Analysis of thin film properties indicates a correlation between doping and energy efficiency, enhancing solar cells.
• These findings highlight the potential of Bi-doped ZnO thin films in advancing solar energy technologies.