Otomycosis is a superficial fungal infection that primarily affects the outer auditory ear canal and tympanic membrane. It is mostly prevalent in the regions of tropical and subtropical areas, where high humidity and temperature facilitate the fungal spores. To start colonization, the disease is dominantly caused by the species of Aspergillus. Niger, Aspergillus .flavus, and Candida species. These pathogens will thrive in the moist environment created by predisposing factors such as habitual ear manipulation, swimming, and prolonged use of topical antibiotics or corticosteroids. Systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and immunosuppression, can further lead to an increase in host susceptibility. Patient presented with pruritus, otalgia, aural fullness, and hearing loss. Diagnosis from simple clinical observation to robust strategy, combining otoscopy with laboratory confirmation via potassium hydroxide mounts and fungal cultures, which serves as a golden standard for organism isolation. Modern molecular advancements, including PCR, can make it easier to identify microbiological infections. Management emphasizes a meticulous aural Toilet, combined with antifungal agents, most commonly as old derivatives compounds like clotrimazole and miconazole. Despite effective treatments, higher occurrence rates, and the presence of fungal biofilms pose ongoing challenges. Establishing standardized evidence-based therapeutic protocols and addressing the host-related factors are vital for preventing relapse and improving long-term patient outcomes.
Rajithasree et al. (Sun,) studied this question.