Water, salt, and heat exchange between Sevastopol Bay and the mouth section of the Chernaya River were first subjected to special research by the Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, in 2017–2024 under typical hydrometeorological conditions. It has been established that the frontogenesis zone is dominated by multidirectional flows that exceed the river flow by four to eight times, which is important to take into account in balance calculations. In the morning, the resulting transfer of saltier water was directed from the bay to the mouth section of the river, salting it for an average of 1.5 km. In the afternoon, the resulting stream moved into the bay. The multidirectional flow rate of water in the gates was 1–28 m3/s; of heat, 30–2030 MW; and of salts, 12–481 kg/s. The observed salinization of Sevastopol Bay, an increase in water intake, as well as dredging operations related to the development of the port economic complex in Inkerman, lead to increased salinization of the mouth section of the river, which will deteriorate the ecological conditions of the Sevastopol region. With the accumulation of observational data, they will be used for calculating the mass, heat, and substance balance in the Black Sea coastal zone and for physical and mathematical modeling of the advective components of exchange processes, as well as halocline penetration into the Chernaya River mouth.
Minkovskaya et al. (Sun,) studied this question.