What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to develop an automated framework for laboratory experiments using a Mealy-machine model.

March 13, 2026Open Access

GEMS: a deterministic finite automaton framework for adaptive laboratory automation

Key Points

The aim is to develop an automated framework for laboratory experiments using a Mealy-machine model.
Defined experiments as Mealy-machine deterministic finite automata (DFAs).
Implemented penalty-aware dynamic scheduling for operations.
Adapted automation processes in real-time based on observations.
Demonstrated improved efficiency in laboratory protocols.
Enabled real-time adjustments that optimize operational performance.

Abstract

We cast experiments as Mealy-machine DFAs: a sample-centred, state-to-state data model that spans disciplines. GEMS advances protocols via penalty-aware dynamic scheduling, adapting operations to observations in real time.

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