Agroforestry’s Contribution to Climate-Resilient Livelihoods of Community Forest Farmers in Wonogiri Regency, Central Java, Indonesia

Community forests with agroforestry systems are a crucial alternative for enhancing farmers' incomes and optimizing land use while maintaining perennial tree cover, which can contribute to climate change mitigation through increased on-farm carbon storage. In addition, the agroforestry system is also an effort to optimize land use in the context of climate change, where a diversified tree-crop system can reduce households' vulnerability to production and income shocks caused by the negative impacts of climate change. This study analyzes the economic value and agroforestry’s contribution to the community forest farmers' income in Sumberejo Village, Wonogiri Regency. Data collection methods included observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation, which were then analyzed quantitatively. The results showed 21 agroforestry constituent plants in the research location, with a total economic value of IDR 684,800,022.944 per year. The primary livelihood of the people in Sumberejo Village is farming, and the land is managed using an agroforestry system. The types of agroforestry applied are agrosilvopasture, agrosilviculture, and silvopasture. The constituent stands consist of dominant main stands of Tectona grandis with an economic value of IDR 19,080,531.36 (2.79%) and dominant annual crops of Zea mays, which has the highest monetary value of IDR 512,776,615.38 (74.88%). Agroforestry contributes 60% to farmers' household income. In addition to finding the economic value and contribution of agroforestry, this study also analyzed the income factors of community forest farmers. Multiple linear regression test results indicate that the variables of education (X2) and land area (X4) significantly impact farmers' income (Y), with coefficient values ranging from 0.230 to 0.294. These results can inform policymakers in integrating community-based agroforestry into climate mitigation and rural development strategies, guide extension services in promoting economically viable and climate-smart land-use practices, and support further research on the long-term socio-ecological performance of agroforestry systems.