The policy of military neutrality is one of the fundamental principles of the contemporary foreign and security policy of the Republic of Serbia. In the era of artificial intelligence, this concept gains a new dimension, technological neutrality as a condition for strategic autonomy. The development and application of artificial intelligence not only affect military capabilities, but also shape power relations, economic dependence and cognitive control within the global system. In such a context, the issue of neutrality no longer refers exclusively to military alliances, but to the ability of a state to manage its own digital sovereignty and maintain a balance between different technological spheres of influence. Military alliances can and should be considered in the context of neutrality, but not as membership, but as a reference framework of strategic orientation and limitations. The paper starts from the assumption that artificial intelligence is becoming an important factor in defining new forms of strategic dependence and resilience. Serbia, positioned between Western and Eastern technological systems, faces the challenge of extending its neutrality into the domain of algorithmic policy and digital infrastructure. Instead of bloc alignment, artificial intelligence can become an instrument of intelligent balancing, a means by which the state strengthens its own analytical, communication and security capacities, while maintaining control over data and processes of national importance. In conclusion, the paper proposes the concept of "intelligent neutrality", which implies the integration of the principles of digital sovereignty, ethical responsibility and technological independence of Serbia. This model can serve as a theoretical and practical basis for the development of a new type of neutrality in the digital era, a neutrality that does not rest on isolation, but on the active control of algorithmic power flows. Serbia thus has the opportunity to become an example of an adaptive state that not only resists the influences of great powers, but also shapes its own digital identity within a multipolar order.
Pavić et al. (Thu,) studied this question.