ABSTRACT On the verge of a severe power crisis in Bangladesh, this study investigates the optimisation of the hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) for the Baliakandi Upazila Health Complex. The high energy demands in health facilities call for sustainable and reliable solutions for the study. Hybrid Optimisation Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) Pro software has been used to evaluate the six configurations that integrate solar PV, wind turbines, biogas generators, batteries, and grid connection. Case I emerged as the optimal configuration with the lowest cost of energy at 0. 0329/kWh, a net present cost of 105, 310, and an annual operating cost of 155. 1. The system has a tremendous environmental impact in terms of the reduction in CO 2 emissions by approximately 70%, which is consistent with global climate goals. The hybrid system is ideal for rural settings due to its reliance on locally available renewable resources and the unreliability of grid connections. Although the payback period is extended, it would guarantee long‐term feasibility, cost savings, and environmental sustainability. Configurations with higher renewable integration, as in Cases I and II, were found to be more economical and environmentally friendly. Lower renewable usage meant increased emissions and costs. This research is important because uninterrupted and sustainable power supply is essential for health and educational institutions in Bangladesh, where frequent grid outages hinder reliable operation. The study provides a replicable hybrid renewable framework that can be applied to similar facilities in other developing countries to enhance energy security and reduce emissions. This study, thus, presents the potential of HRES in improving energy security and supporting sustainable health infrastructure in Bangladesh in support of both economic and environmental goals.
Ali et al. (Thu,) studied this question.