Despite the development of environmental monitoring systems in Ukraine, existing approaches do not take into account the specifics of tourist regions, which creates significant challenges for assessing environmental risks and ensuring air quality in conditions of intense tourist flows. The aim of the study was to substantiate the concept of forming a regional system for monitoring and managing the environmental safety of tourism in the territorial communities of the Ivano-Frankivsk region, taking into account European standards for atmospheric air quality control. The methodological basis was the analysis of European and national environmental legislation, geospatial modelling based on OpenStreetMap open data, indicators of tourist capacity and overnight stays, as well as optimisation tasks of maximum coverage and p-median. It has been shown that the existing state observation system has limited spatial coverage, is focused mainly on industrial centres, does not cover resort and mountain destinations, and does not reflect peak seasonal loads associated with tourist flows. A two-level network architecture has been developed, combining three high-precision reference stations (urban, valley and industrial background) with an adaptive number of low-cost sensors (10-15 LCS) located in the centres of tourist demand and transport corridors. Weighted clustering of 3,725 tourist sites revealed the dominant role of the Polianytsia-Yaremcha resort valley and made it possible to identify a configuration of 12 sensors as a balanced option that minimises the average distance to monitoring points and ensures measurement redundancy in sensitive areas. The results obtained provide a basis for the phased deployment of an air quality monitoring network, the integration of environmental indicators into tourism management policy, environmental marketing of territories, and ESG reporting by tourism businesses
Smyk et al. (Wed,) studied this question.