Biliary atresia is a serious neonatal liver disease featuring bile duct inflammation and obstruction. Here, hyperactivated PLTs in biliary atresia patients released ox-mtDNA, triggering NET formation and exacerbating liver injury. Blocking the key inflammatory mediator S100A8/A9 with paquinimod reduced PLT activation and liver inflammation and improved survival in mice. These findings reveal a vicious immune cycle between PLTs and neutrophils and highlight novel treatment options for attenuating disease progression.
Tan et al. (Sun,) studied this question.