What question did this study set out to answer?

To describe a rare congenital arteriovenous fistula causing congestive heart failure in a newborn.

March 22, 2026

Congenital Arteriovenous Fistula Between the Left Internal Mammary Artery and the Ductus Venosus: Unusual Cause of Congestive Heart Failure in the Newborn Infant

Key Points

To describe a rare congenital arteriovenous fistula causing congestive heart failure in a newborn.
Presented a detailed clinical case.
Examined the circulatory pathway and embryology.
Discussed differential diagnosis of continuous murmur and heart failure.
Evaluated association with preductal coarctation.
Identified an arteriovenous fistula between the left internal mammary artery and ductus venosus.
Observed significant association with severe preductal coarctation.
Noted impact on the newborn's circulatory function leading to congestive heart failure.

Abstract

A case of a rare congenital arteriovenous fistula between the left internal mammary artery and the ductus venosus, causing congestive heart failure in a 3-day-old newborn infant, is presented. The investigation, the circulatory pathway, and its clinically unsuspected association with a severe preductal coarctation, are described. The embryology of this condition is explained. The differential diagnosis of continuous murmur and congestive failure in the neonate is discussed. Attention is drawn to the association of arteriovenous fistulae with congestive failure in the newborn and to possible surgical treatment.

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