Dysfunctional T Cell Reprogramming via Cascade‐Responsive Catalytic Nanosponges‐Mediated Tumor‐Specific Antigen Capture for Remote Glioblastoma Immunotherapy (Adv. Funct. Mater. 24/2026)

Key Points

• This research aims to create a catalytic nanosponge that enhances T cell reprogramming and captures tumor-specific antigens for brain tumor treatment.
• Developed a cascade-responsive catalytic nanosponge composed of graphene/tin oxide nanosheets with a covalent-organic framework.
• Coloaded tumor-responsive compounds ABTS and glucose oxidase for enhanced tumor-specific antigen capture.
• Used convection-enhanced delivery and low-power NIR-II exposure to improve drug delivery to brain tumors.
• Demonstrated increased tumor permeability with the nanosponge under NIR-II exposure.
• Facilitated effective capture of tumor-specific antigens by T cells, potentially improving immunotherapy outcomes.
• Showed that the catalytic nanosponge penetrates deep brain tumors, enhancing treatment efficacy.