The evolution of cloud computing has significantly influenced modern software architecture, driving a shift from traditional monolithic systems to microservices-based designs. Monolithic architectures, while simpler to develop initially, often face challenges related to scalability, maintainability, and deployment flexibility. In contrast, microservices architecture enables the decomposition of applications into loosely coupled, independently deployable services, enhancing scalability, resilience, and continuous delivery capabilities. This study explores the key trends, benefits, and challenges associated with migrating from monolithic systems to microservices in the cloud era. It examines architectural patterns, containerization technologies, and orchestration tools that facilitate this transition. Additionally, the research highlights critical considerations such as service communication, data management, security, and DevOps integration. Real-world industry practices and case-based insights are analyzed to understand the practical implications of migration strategies. The findings suggest that while microservices offer significant advantages in terms of agility and scalability, successful adoption requires careful planning, robust infrastructure, and organizational readiness. The study concludes that microservices, when effectively implemented in cloud environments, play a crucial role in enabling digital transformation and supporting modern, scalable applications.
Tiwari et al. (Thu,) studied this question.