What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to develop a sustainable method for converting lignocellulosic biomass into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using an effective solvent and catalyst.

March 26, 2026Open Access

Direct conversion of underutilized tropical fruit wastes to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using a strongly acidic deep eutectic solvent: mechanistic study, renewable extraction, and life cycle assessment

Key Points

This research aims to develop a sustainable method for converting lignocellulosic biomass into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using an effective solvent and catalyst.
Utilized a Brønsted–Lewis superacidic deep eutectic solvent composed of HBetCl and AlCl3
Investigated the conversion mechanisms involved in the extraction process
Performed life cycle assessments to evaluate sustainability
Successfully produced 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from untreated tropical fruit wastes
Demonstrated the effectiveness of the acidic deep eutectic solvent in the conversion process
Highlighted the potential for renewable extraction methods in biomass utilization

Abstract

A sustainable route for producing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from untreated lignocellulosic biomass is developed using a Brønsted–Lewis superacidic deep eutectic solvent (HBetCl:AlCl 3 ), acting as both solvent and catalyst.

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