Major and minor bleeding symptoms and mental disorders in patient with congenital bleeding disorders

Background Congenital bleeding disorders (CBD) are a heterogeneous group of hemorrhagic disorders with different clinical presentations. CBD is a chronic and incurable disease that can cause psychological problems that can affect the quality of life and mental health of patients. Therefore, the diagnosis of mental disorders (MD) in patients with CBD is important. This study aimed to investigate the major and minor bleeding symptoms and MD in patients with CBD. Patients and methods This questionnaire-based study was conducted on 178 patients with CBD. For this purpose, major and minor bleeding symptoms were collected. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale questionnaire was used to measure depression, anxiety, and stress, the Goldberg questionnaire for general health, the AUDIT questionnaire for alcohol use disorders, 4 DSQs for the scales of physicality, anxiety, and depression. Results A total of 178 patients with CBD were included in this study, including patients with hemophilia A, hemophilia B, von Willebrand disease, FI, FV, FVII, FXIII deficiencies, as well as Glanzmann thrombasthenia and Bernard Soulier. The most common bleeding presentations among these patients ware ecchymosis, hemarthrosis, epistaxis, postoperative bleeding and hematoma, while central nervous system bleeding and hematuria were rarely reported. About two-third of these patients ( n : 119, 66.5%) experienced at least one MD. Attention deficit ( n : 93, 52.2%) is the most common MD, followed by depression/anxiety ( n : 91, 17.9%) and distress ( n : 72, 40.5%). Conclusion Common bleeding symptoms in CBD patients included ecchymosis, hemarthrosis, and epistaxis. Two-thirds of patients experienced MD, particularly attention deficit, highlighting the need for integrated physical and psychological care.