This study explores the presence of languages other than English (LOTEs) in English-language textbooks, with a particular focus on third language mentions. A quantitative content analysis was conducted on 37 textbooks, counting occurrences of Japanese and other third languages and coding them by language. The findings reveal few examples of words or content in languages other than English, although some textbooks included dedicated sections on language study that could support translanguaging approaches. The results highlight a lack of multilingual resources in current textbooks and point to the need for materials that better reflect and support multilingual classrooms.
Bailey et al. (Sat,) studied this question.