Water scarcity and improper irrigation practices are major challenges affecting home gardening efficiency and plant health. Traditional irrigation methods often rely on manual watering or fixed timing mechanisms, which do not adjust according to real-time environmental conditions. This leads to problems such as water wastage, over-irrigation, and insufficient hydration of plants. To address these limitations, this research proposes an IoTenabled smart garden irrigation system using the ESP32 microcontroller. The system integrates soil moisture sensors, humidity sensors, water level sensors, and automated pump control to deliver precise irrigation based on plant needs. The ESP32’s built-in Wi-Fi connectivity allows real-time data monitoring, remote control, and smartphone-based notifications through cloud platforms. The design improves water conservation, reduces human labor, and ensures healthier plant growth through intelligent automation. Additionally, the framework supports scalability for multi-zone gardens and smart home integration. Overall, the proposed IoT-based solution offers an efficient, user-friendly, and sustainable approach for modern home garden irrigation systems.
IJESAT (Tue,) studied this question.