Fiber Bragg Grating Smart Material and Structural Health Monitoring System Based on Digital Twin Drive

The damage self‐diagnosis function puts forward higher requirements for the research and development of intelligent structural health monitoring, and in most cases, it is necessary to monitor the load first, especially the monitoring of the impact load. The development of smart materials and structures is based on advanced sensing systems. In order to achieve this purpose, a high‐speed demodulation system based on fiber grating with double long period grating is studied, and then, a damage self‐diagnosis system based on fiber grating is constructed. The system can realize the strain distribution and impact load monitoring of the structure. After quantitative analysis of the signal, an advanced information identification method is used to realize the impact load location. This paper focuses on the data preprocessing process of bridge health monitoring. In view of the characteristics of high data complexity, large amount of data, and many noise components in the process of structural monitoring, this paper adopts basic data cleaning for the original data set, including data dimensionless and missing value processing. Based on the digital twin technology, the composition of the digital twin KNN model of bridge swivel construction monitoring and management is analyzed, and the digital twin system architecture of bridge swivel construction monitoring and management is built. The function display of the monitoring platform, including setting a variety of permission login modes, displaying BIM model, geographic information, and weather environment; monitoring data entry and addition, deletion, and modification; data chart analysis and export; and email warning, to verify the feasibility of the application of digital twin technology in bridge monitoring, and the advantages of the intelligent monitoring system are obtained. The strain error is found to be less than 15.48 μℇ in the research, which is within the range of the fiber grating. This method can effectively monitor and forecast these distributed, nonlinear, strongly coupled, multivariable, and time‐varying complex structures. By monitoring bridges, the original monitoring data of bridges can be obtained, and scientific research data and analysis services can be provided. In particular, the damage caused by shock and vibration is monitored, so that the accumulation of damage can be detected before it threatens the safety of the structure, so that the damaged structure can be repaired in time to ensure the safe operation of the structure.