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Analytic models and field data are used to develop procedures to evaluate the tolerance of brick‐bearing‐wall and small frame structures to the ground displacements that develop during opencutting and tunneling. The role of horizontal and vertical ground displacements are discussed and the effects of grade beams, building orientation and building location relative to excavation are examined. Case studies of structures adjacent to opencuts and tunnels are used to verify procedures for estimating potential for structures adjacent to excavations to sustain damage.
Boscardin et al. (Sun,) studied this question.