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An optimization method based on a regression model was established by combining physical experiments, and an extended distinct element method (EDEM) simulation was proposed to address the difficult problem of obtaining the contact characteristic parameters used in the discrete element method (DEM) model of quinoa grains and for calibrating the parameters of the quinoa DEM model. The Plackett-Burman test was designed using Design-Expert software to screen the parameters of the quinoa DEM model, and the quinoa-quinoa static friction coefficient, quinoa-polylactic acid (PLA) static friction coefficient and quinoa-quinoa rolling friction coefficient were found to have significant effects on the repose angle. The optimal value intervals of the parameters with a significant impact on the repose angle were determined using the steepest ascent test. A regression model of the repose angle and the parameters with a significant impact on the repose angle was then established with the Box-Behnken design and further optimized, and the combination of optimal parameters was as follows: 0.26 for the quinoa-quinoa static friction coefficient (E), 0.38 for the quinoa-PLA static friction coefficient (F), and 0.08 for the quinoa-quinoa rolling friction coefficient (G). Lastly, the optimal combination was used in the verification performed by the DEM simulation, and the error between the simulated repose angle and the target repose angle was 0.86%. These findings indicated that it was feasible to use the response surface optimization to calibrate the parameters required for quinoa DEM simulation and that the combination of optimal parameters can provide a reference for selecting the characteristic contact parameters used in quinoa DEM simulation.
Liu et al. (Mon,) studied this question.