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Abstract International entities have highlighted the issue of climate change and global efforts toward becoming carbon neutral by 2050. Given the current emphasis on Agenda 2030 and the commitment to achieve net zero emissions, this study lures motivation from the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs) of access to affordable clean energy, innovation, sustainable economic growth, sustainable consumption, and production to avert climate change. To this end, this study assesses the role of eco‐innovation, clean energy, trade openness, human capital, and economic growth toward carbon neutrality and sustainable development in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. The study utilized regression models to analyze the relationship between the variables. The study findings show that eco‐innovation, clean energy utilization, and human capital have a negative impact on CO 2 emissions. Trade openness and economic growth have a positive impact on CO 2 emissions except that trade impact is insignificant. The results of the causality test show bidirectional causality between eco‐innovation, clean energy utilization, human capital, and CO 2 emissions as well as a one‐way causality from trade openness and economic growth to CO 2 emissions. Moreover, the impulse‐response and variance decomposition analysis results show that human capital and clean energy will be the key drivers contributing to the reduction of carbon emissions in the future while eco‐innovation, trade openness, and economic growth will steadily increase CO 2 emissions. The study proposes expanded development and deployment of clean energy technologies to curtail CO 2 emissions and achieve SDGs.
Emma Serwaa Obobisa (Thu,) studied this question.