Does electrode-tissue proximity affect cardiac lesion depth using a biphasic, bipolar PFA system?
Direct tissue contact (0 mm offset) with a biphasic, bipolar PFA system creates the deepest cardiac lesions, increasing the likelihood of achieving transmurality.
Using a biphasic, bipolar PFA system resulted in cardiac lesions even in the 0 mm offset distance case. The relationship between lesion depth and offset distance was linear, and the deepest lesions were created with 0 mm offset distance, that is, with electrodes in contact with tissue. Therefore, close electrode-tissue proximity increases the likelihood of achieving transmural lesions by maximizing the electric field penetration into the target tissue.
Howard et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: