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April 14, 2026Clinical Oral Implants Research2 citationsOpen Access

Association of Transmucosal Emergence Geometry and Peri‐Implant Diseases Prevalence Around Bone‐ and Tissue‐Level Implants: A Cross‐Sectional Study

CRClemens RaabeGoethe University Frankfurt MFManrique FonsecaUniversity of Bern VCVivianne ChappuisUniversity of Bern

Key Points

This study investigates the link between transmucosal emergence geometry and the prevalence of peri-implant diseases around bone- and tissue-level implants.
Retrospective identification of patients with non-molar single tooth implant-supported prostheses.
Clinical and radiographic examinations to assess peri-implant diseases and emergence geometry.
Data analyzed using multivariate regression.
Crown emergence angle significantly influences peri-implant mucositis; association found with angles over 30° for bone-level and 48° for tissue-level implants.
Wider implant diameter linked to increased prevalence of peri-implantitis, with odds ratio of 3.82.
Mean crestal bone level was 0.54 ± 1.34 mm, lower in tissue-level implants, females, and those with greater platform height.

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objectives This cross‐sectional study primarily aimed at investigating the association between the transmucosal emergence geometry and the prevalence of peri‐implant diseases in bone‐ and tissue‐level implants (BL/TL). As secondary objectives, the association of other implant‐, prosthesis‐, and patient‐related variables with crestal bone levels (CBL) and additional radiographic findings was explored. Material and Methods Patients with non‐molar single tooth implant‐supported prostheses were retrospectively identified for inclusion. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed cross‐sectionally to assess peri‐implant diseases (peri‐implant mucositis, peri‐implantitis), emergence geometry at the transmucosal region (profile type, emergence angles at two levels, and prosthetic platform height), and peri‐implant radiographic variables, including CBL. Data were analyzed using multivariate regression. Results A total of 332 implants (166 BL/166 TL) in 266 patients (60 ± 17 years) were evaluated at a mean of 11.2 ± 1.5 years after implant placement. Peri‐implant mucositis was significantly influenced by the crown emergence angle (Level 2; OR = 1.03, p = 0.01) and peri‐implantitis by implant diameter (OR = 3.82, p 30° in BL implants and > 48° in TL implants were consistently associated with peri‐implant diseases. Mean CBL was 0.54 ± 1.34 mm, with lower values in TL (−0.24 mm; p = 0.036), females (−0.27 mm, p = 0.029), and implants with greater platform height (−0.175 mm/mm, p = 0.01). Peri‐implant sheathing was detected in 13.4% of implants, showing no association with implant‐related characteristics. Conclusions Wider crown emergence angles were associated with peri‐implant diseases, whereas wider implant diameters were associated with increased peri‐implantitis prevalence. TL implant design and greater platform height were associated with reduced CBL.

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