Cover Image: Volume 86 Issue 7

Key Points

• This research aims to investigate the connection between smoking behavior and immune responses in prostate cancer patients.
• Analyzed immune markers in prostate cancer patients
• Compared immune profiles between smokers and non-smokers
• Evaluated patient outcomes in relation to smoking status
• Smokers showed distinct immune landscape changes compared to non-smokers
• Altered immune responses correlated with poorer patient outcomes
• Specific biomarkers linked to smoking behavior were identified