The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources into the utility grid presents challenges, one of the main ones being the issue of inertia. Battery energy storage systems have been introduced as a solution to this issue. However, the size and operational safety of batteries are important considerations to ensure that the installed batteries are economical and safe. Battery digital twins are the answer because they can estimate the appropriate battery size based on requirements and monitor battery operation once installed to ensure safety. To realize a battery digital twin, an appropriate battery equivalent circuit model (ECM) is required. The Randles RC circuit is the most accurate and lightweight battery model for power grid applications. However, this model does not perform well when the battery size is too large or the battery system has high complexity. Therefore, a f ast dynamic model, a modified version of the Randles RC circuit, is introduced. This model was evaluated by comparing computational performance and computational speed with its reference model. When implemented on a real battery module, the fast dynamic ECM demonstrated computational performance that was 99% faster than the Randles RC circuit model, 1% differences compared to the reference model.
SITOMPUL et al. (Wed,) studied this question.