Antimicrobial nanomaterials at the nanoscale: design principles, mechanisms, and global challenges

Key Points

• The review aims to explore the design principles and mechanisms of antimicrobial nanomaterials and their applications.
• Review of current literature on antimicrobial nanomaterials
• Analysis of smart activation strategies
• Discussion of biomedical applications and emerging trends
• Identified key mechanisms by which nanomaterials combat microbes
• Highlighted innovative activation strategies to enhance efficacy
• Outlined challenges faced in clinical applications and potential solutions