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Abstract Critical language pedagogy, teaching languages for social justice, is considered in terms of its history and principles. Several sets of principles, from different periods of the development of this literature, are juxtaposed. A connection is drawn from the possible values held by language teachers to the values espoused by critical language pedagogy. These are specified as democratic values, associated with equality, freedom, and solidarity. Values are identified as a means by which language teachers considering this perspective could approach it.
Graham Crookes (Tue,) studied this question.