·day·kPa, while water uptake remained low (3.5-6%). Fluorescence quenching and SDS-PAGE indicated predominantly non-covalent GTE-protein interactions vs stronger aggregate, covalent adduct formation with GSE, which explains the observed strength-flexibility trade-offs. Residual film formic acid was ≤20 mg/kg. Overall, polyphenol polymerization provides a handle to tune the strength-flexibility-hydration balance of FA-solubilized gluten films as a potential candidate for multilayer, bio-based packaging.
Roark et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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