In 2024, Lebanon experienced deadly explosions caused by personal communication devices known as “pagers.” These devices were secretly rigged with small explosives and detonated while in the possession of civilians and members of Hezbollah’s military wing. The attacks, allegedly carried out by Israel amid rising tensions with Hezbollah, resulted in numerous casualties without traditional combat—using instead an unconventional, booby-trapped weapon.This incident raises critical legal questions about its classification and the appropriate judicial forum. Could it be considered an act of international terrorism, or does it qualify as one of the four core international crimes under the Rome Statute? Some argue it constitutes a war crime, given the context of an armed conflict and the indiscriminate, disproportionate nature of the attacks. Others view it as a crime against humanity due to its widespread and systematic execution.The study concludes with key findings and recommendations regarding international legal accountability. Then we end with a conclusion that includes the most important results and recommendations.
Marwah Majeed (Mon,) studied this question.