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In this contribution, we discuss several research results which have contributed to the vision of a broad application of organic light emitting diodes in displays and lighting. We discuss the factors which determine the efficiency of OLEDs. First, we briefly discuss work on the controlled molecular doping of organic semiconductors, having the same advantageous influence on the device properties than in inorganic semiconductor devices, in particular in reducing the operating voltage. By comparison with a simple theory, we show that the voltages achieved with doped OLEDs are already very close to the thermodynamic limit. We then show, with the example of red phosphorescent OLEDs, how many properties of the OLED are improved by doping.
Meerheim et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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