Multivalent nanoparticles activate T-dependent antibody response via antigen presentation by both B cells and dendritic cells

Key Points

• The aim is to explore how multivalent nanoparticles stimulate T-dependent antibody responses through antigen presentation.
• Investigated the role of B cells and dendritic cells as antigen presenting cells (APCs).
• Analyzed T cell proliferation and activation following exposure to multivalent nanoparticles.
• Assessed the impact of B cell-mediated antigen presentation in various lymph nodes.
• B cells effectively enhanced T cell proliferation upon exposure to multivalent nanoparticles.
• A significant T-dependent response was observed in draining lymph nodes, highlighting the role of B cells as APCs.
• The findings suggest a new avenue for improving vaccine-induced immunity through nanoparticle technology.