Abstract Background: The formation of biofilms has the potential to make bacteria resistant to antibiotics and to make immune systems reject organisms that live in them. The acids produced by bacteria that form biofilms eat away at tooth enamel, leading to cavities and other dental problems. It is new to control and prevent bacterial biofilms using bacteriophages, which are viruses that infect and kill bacteria. Objectives: Finding Streptococcus mutans bacteriophages in dental clinic wastewater and studying their effects on biofilm-related gene expression was the primary goal of this study. Materials and Methods: After collecting samples of dental plaque, S. mutans was isolated and identified using bacterial culture medium and molecular testing. To top it all off, we learned if the isolated S. mutans could biofilm. We were able to study the influence of lytic bacteriophages on biofilm-related gene expression using real-time polymerase chain reaction after isolating them from sewage water samples taken from Al-Najaf dental clinics. Results: In all, twenty samples (or 20%) tested positive for the presence of S. mutans . The capacity of the isolated S. mutans bacteria to produce biofilms varied. We tested 150 sewage water samples and found just one phage that targets S. mutans . Conclusions: By reducing harmful microorganisms and facilitating the development of effective antibacterial medications, bacteriophages have the potential to lessen the colonization of tooth surfaces by S. mutans and the creation of biofilms.
Shamsulddin et al. (Thu,) studied this question.