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This research aims to enhance air filtration systems for deep space missions by developing a new filter design with advanced features.

May 9, 2026Open Access

Updated Scroll Filter System for Deep Space Missions

Key Points

This research aims to enhance air filtration systems for deep space missions by developing a new filter design with advanced features.
Developed Scroll Bacterial Filter Element with three stages of filtration.
Conducted ground tests using a custom filtration test stand to evaluate performance.
Performed benchtop tests to assess scrolling operation and power draw using simulated particulate matter.
The new design successfully automates the change-out of filter media, improving efficiency.
Ground tests indicate effective performance in capturing particulate matter with minimal power draw.
Preliminary optical techniques confirm buildup detection of particulate matter on the filter screen.

Abstract

NASA is developing a cabin air filtration system, known as the Scroll Bacterial Filter Element (BFE), which provides up to three stages of filtration. The Scroll BFE will be of the same form and fit as the current ISS BFE filters, from which the term BFE is derived. A previous version of this filter consisted of two stages. The current updated filter consists of two main components, the filter frame and a replaceable cassette that inserts into the filter frame. These components provide up to three stages of filtration. The cassette is a new design consisting of a first stage pre-filter using a mesh screen roller assembly to automate the change-out (or scrolling) of the screen media, and a second stage inertial impactor filter. The third and finishing stage is provided by a passive HEPA filter element installed in filter frame. With the same volume and dimensional format of the ISS BFE's, the Scroll BFE could be deployed as a potential future flight technology demonstration on board the ISS. Ground tests are under way to assess the filter system's performance in a custom designed filtration test stand. Previous benchtop tests were performed to test the scrolling operation, its performance effectiveness and power draw, by loading the filter with simulated deposited layers of fibrous particulate matter (PM). This paper provides details of the new design and its performance. Preliminary results of an optical technique for detecting the buildup of PM debris over the screen mesh is also included in this paper.

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