What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Other. Population: Heart failure (pressure overload-induced). Intervention: Lard-rich diet and endurance exercise vs. Normal diet + exercise and Soybean oil-rich diet + exercise. Primary outcome: Fractional shortening and tetralinoleoyl cardiolipin levels.

What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to understand how different dietary fats influence the protective effects of exercise in heart failure models.

May 11, 2026Open Access

Lard Intake Reduced Tetralinoleoyl Cardiolipin and Attenuated the Cardioprotective Effects of Exercise in Mice With Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure

Key Result

Lard intake attenuated the cardioprotective effects of endurance exercise in mice with heart failure by reducing myocardial tetralinoleoyl cardiolipin levels and impairing mitochondrial supercomplex assembly.

Key Points

This research aims to understand how different dietary fats influence the protective effects of exercise in heart failure models.
Mice with heart failure induced by transverse aortic constriction were assigned to normal diet, soybean oil-rich diet, or lard-rich diet for 4 weeks.
Endurance exercise was administered to assess its effects on cardiac function across different dietary groups.
Evaluation of mitochondrial phospholipid composition and cardiolipin remodeling pathways was conducted post-intervention.
Exercise improved left ventricular systolic function and reduced cardiac hypertrophy in normal and soybean oil-rich diet groups but was less effective in the lard-rich diet group.
Lard intake resulted in a significant reduction of tetralinoleoyl cardiolipin, affecting mitochondrial membrane function.
Assembly of mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplexes was partially impaired in the lard-rich diet group.

Structured PICO

Does lard intake attenuate the cardioprotective effects of exercise in mice with pressure overload-induced heart failure?

Population

Mice with heart failure induced by transverse aortic constriction

Intervention

Endurance exercise combined with a lard-rich diet (LE: 32% fat) or soybean oil-rich diet (SE: 32% fat) for 4 weeks

Comparator

Endurance exercise combined with a normal diet (NE: 11% fat) for 4 weeks

Outcome

Left ventricular systolic function and cardiac hypertrophysurrogate

Lard intake attenuates the cardioprotective effects of exercise in a mouse model of heart failure by reducing myocardial tetralinoleoyl cardiolipin levels and impairing mitochondrial supercomplex assembly.

Limitations

Exclusive use of male mice, which may limit the generalizability of the findings due to reported sex-specific differences in cardiac and metabolic responses to high-fat diets.

Abstract

Background: Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation is effective for improving the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF), but little is known about its interactions with dietary components. We investigated the impacts of dietary fat intake and its source on the cardioprotective effects of exercise in mice with HF. Methods and Results: Endurance exercise and diets with different fat composition, including a normal diet (NE: 11% fat), a soybean oil-rich diet (SE: 32% fat) and a lard-rich diet (LE: 32% fat), were provided for 4 weeks to mice with HF induced by transverse aortic constriction. Exercise improved left ventricular systolic function and suppressed cardiac hypertrophy in the NE and SE groups, but these effects were attenuated in the LE group. The LE group exhibited a reduction in linoleic acid content within mitochondrial phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, concurrent with the promotion of cardiolipin remodeling pathways. This resulted in a marked reduction in tetralinoleoyl cardiolipin (L 4 CL), which is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial membrane function. This was supported by the finding that assembly of mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplexes was partially impaired in the LE group. Conclusions: Lard intake may attenuate the exercise-induced cardioprotective effects against HF by reducing myocardial L 4 CL levels and impairing mitochondrial supercomplex assembly involved in mitochondrial respiratory capacity.

اسأل الذكاء الاصطناعي

Bookmark

View Full Paper