Objectives This research study aims to examine the occurrence and predictors of perinatal morbidity among females who experience GDM during a hospital-based population. Material and Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a hospital setting to establish the prevalence and major risk factors of perinatal complications among females with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The researchers have studied 648 pregnant females who were diagnosed with GDM in a tertiary care unit within one year. Results The rates of complications were remarkable: cesarean section (8.0%), preeclampsia (5.6%), macrosomia (14.0%), neonatal hypoglycemia (6.5%), and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) discharge (4.0%). The multivariate logistic regression ranked poor glycemic control as an important independent predictor of cesarean section (OR = 2.10) and macrosomia (OR = 2.75). Pre-pregnancy obesity (BMI 30kg/m 2 and above) was a risk factor on its own; the risk of both cesarean section (OR = 1.85) and preeclampsia (OR = 2.40). Maternal insulin therapy was a predictive factor of neonatal hypoglycemia (OR = 2.55), preterm birth (OR = 3.25), and newborn hypoglycemia (OR = 3.68) were the most powerful predictors of NICU hospitalization. Conclusion The results indicate the importance of strict glycemic regulation and weight management in preventing poor perinatal outcomes in GDM pregnancies, underscoring the necessity of specific antenatal interventions.
Ali et al. (Wed,) studied this question.