Toxic effects and detoxification mechanisms between CuO nanoparticles and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii : insights from physiological and transcriptomics analysis

Key Points

• This research investigates the toxic effects of CuO nanoparticles on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and their detoxification mechanisms.
• Physiological and transcriptomic analyses were conducted to assess the toxicity.
• Comparative toxicity assessments between CuO nanoparticles and submicron CuO particles.
• CuO nanoparticles were found significantly more toxic to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii than submicron CuO particles.
• Detoxification mechanisms were linked to peroxisome regulation and the AsA–GSH cycle.