In this paper, we investigate the propagation properties of a partially coherent Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) beam by effective beam parameters in oceanic turbulence. We provide detailed analytical derivations based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel integral and the cross-spectral density function. It is found that the angle-of-arrival fluctuation, spreading, and wander of the partially coherent GSM beam decrease with increasing source coherence parameter and turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate, and with decreasing temperature fluctuations and mean-square temperature dissipation rate. At 200 m propagation distance, the relative mean-squared width under salinity-dominated conditions (ω = −2) is approximately 0.02% larger than that under temperature-dominated conditions (ω = −5), indicating that salinity fluctuations cause more obvious beam spreading.
NingJing XIANG (Mon,) studied this question.