). Two categories of NPs were investigated: environmentally derived nanoplastics produced from field-collected macroplastics (ENV NPs) and commercial polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs). Following algal exposure, S. plana individuals were fed with NP-contaminated algae, and biological responses were evaluated at both the individual and biochemical levels. RESULTS: revealed that trophic exposure to NPs primarily induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by increased catalase (CAT) activity, with no statistically detectable alterations in condition index, clearance rate, or immune response. Finally, outcomes from this trophic transfer experiment were compared to those obtained in a previous study involving direct NP exposure under laboratory conditions.
Latchere et al. (Wed,) studied this question.